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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Varroa sensitive hygiene ： ウィキペディア英語版 Varroa sensitive hygiene Varroa sensitive hygiene (VSH) is a behavioral trait of honey bees ''(Apis mellifera)'' in which bees detect and remove bee pupae that are infested by the parasitic mite ''Varroa destructor. V. destructor'' is considered to be the most dangerous pest problem for honey bees worldwide. VSH activity results in significant resistance to the mites. ==Development== Bees with the trait were initially bred by the USDA Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology Laboratory in Baton Rouge, LA from colonies in which mite populations grew only slowly.〔Harbo, J., and R. Hoopingarner. 1997. Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the United States that express resistance to ''Varroa jacobsoni'' (Mesostigmata: Varroidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 90: 893-898.〕 The factor causing slow mite population growth was found to be heritable.〔Harbo, J., and J. Harris. 1999. Heritability in honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of characteristics associated with resistance to ''Varroa jacobsoni'' (Mesostigmata: Varroidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 92: 261-265.〕 The rate of mite population growth was found to be correlated with the reproductive rates of mites,〔 resulting in naming the factor “suppressed mite reproduction” (SMR).〔Harbo, J., and J. Harris. 2002. Suppressing Mite Reproduction: SMR an Update. Bee Culture 130: 46-48.〕 It was subsequently discovered that the factor is founded on hygienic activity of adult bees,〔Harbo, J., and J. Harris. 2005. Suppressed mite reproduction explained by the behavior of adult bees. Journal of Apicultural Research 44: 21-23.〕〔Ibrahim, A. G. Reuter and M. Spivak. 2006. Field trials of honey bee colonies bred for mechanisms of resistance against ''Varroa destructor''. Apidologie 38: 67-76.〕 so SMR was renamed VSH.〔Harris, J. 2007. 2007. Bees with Varroa Sensitive Hygiene preferentially remove mite infested pupae aged < five days post capping. Journal of Apicultural Research 46: 134-139.〕 VSH activity results in (1) an abnormally low proportion of mites that produce offspring within the population that remains in capped brood and (2) reduction of the brood infestation rate by greater than 70%. The specifics of how hygienic bees detect mite infested brood currently are unknown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Varroa sensitive hygiene」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.